History of Aranjuez (3/3)

The Riot of Aranjuez and the Independence War	In 1801 is companied a treaty in the Place for which Spain was lending to France its helps through the war fleet against England. Seven years afterwards, Carlos IV permits the occupation of the country by the armies of Napoleón, that was intending to put to his brother José Bonaparte on the spanish throne. In the court of Aranjuez, Carlos IV is faced to the Principe of Asturias in an underhand way . Prince Fernando sees in Manuel Godoy, minister of the king, an opposer to nis plans, while the own Godoy attempts that the king is put safe from multitudes and riots. In March of 1808, the Royal family and the court was found in Aranjuez. Godoy proposes to the king to board toward America in Seville, to backup to him from the French soldiers. The heir to the throne, Fernando, and their supporter, are opposed to the trip and, in the evening of t March 17, 1808, after running by the streets of Aranjuez the rumor of the king's trip, the multitude, managed by members of the fernandino party, noble people nearby to the Asturias Prince, is heaped front to the Royal Palace and assaults Godoy's House. On the day 19, by the morning, Godoy is found hidden among some mats of his palace and relocated until the Custodies Quarter of Corps, in the middle of a hurting rain. At this status and the dread of a lynching, intervenes Prince Fernando, real owner of the status, in the one which abdicates his father at noon of that same day, becoming in Fernando VII. The new king would not delay in let the wreath in hands of the brother of Napoleón, José I, known as Pepe Bottle, and Spain starts its historical period of the Independence War. In September of 1808, precisely in Aranjuez, is held the Central Gasket, commissioned organization with heading and coordinating the actions against Napoleón. A year later, is constituted in the Royal Place a provisional town hall, presided by Domingoy Caspar Pérez, the first Mayor in the history of Aranjuez.
The Train of the Strawberry	During first half of the century XIX, the population of the Royal Place grows slowly. They are already about 4,000 the residents in the Place. In the local life it continued the prevailing of the Royal Patrimony weigh. The economy were based upon the agriculture, that was occupying 60% of the active population. The industrial development, scarce, was resting on some factories, the commercial sector and the Supplies Market. In 1814, after the coup d'état that returned the absolute power to Fernando VII, the town hall of Aranjuez was dismissed and the Governor Manuel Pallarés assumed the command. This situation is repeated in 1823, in the absolutist reaction years, in those which the Marquis of Pontejos, by the way, presents his project of iron path among Aranjuez and Madrid, that would inaugurate Isabel II, under the sponsorship of the Marquis of Salamanca, February 8, 1851: the Train of the Strawberry had been born as the second railway of Spain.
The town hall	Some years before, 1835 January 2, it is deleted the Governor cargo of the Royal Place and it is definitely established the town hall of Aranjuez with José Ignacio de Ibarrola as the first mayor. In 1846 happens to him Gavino Ruiz, key personage of the liberal ribereños of the XIX century. In this era there are created the child schools, the Association of the Union and the Agriculture School (1855). There was maintained, with certain importance, the Royal spring Sessions, in those which was multiplied the festive acts and court amusements. The festive cycle was including the Employer Holidays of San Fernando and the fairs of the cattle, recently swapped by the Holidays of the Riot of Aranjuez, asserted of National Tourist Interest in 1992. Furthermore it were celebrated the festivity of St. Lucia - patroness of Aranjuez since in the XVI century would be adopted as such by the raised of the Place by hers help, according to the tradition, with ocasion of fires and other extraordinary events; at present the patroness is the Virgin of the Distresses, to who has been devoted the ancient Parish of Alpajés - and the Candlemas. In 1830 is built the current bullring, the third of those which has had the Royal Place. In second half of the XIX century, the economy of Aranjuez is in discussion among its dependency of the National Patrimony and a shy beginning of retrieval. The national political struggles have its reflex in Aranjuez, and it is here where is created, in 1854, to the heat of the progressive pronouncement of the general O'Donell, a Salvation Gasket and Government presided by Pedro Beroqui, that dismisses to the moderate town hall and names Mayor to the progressive Fabián Fernández, that it is then swapped, in several timelines, by Gavino Ruiz.
Villa of Aranjuez	Toward 1890, the Royal spring Sessions stop holding and it starts an economic declivity for Aranjuez. At the end of the century, it receives Aranjuez the Villa title (1899). The population was counting then about 12,000 souls, that increased to 15,000 in 1930s. The social tensions of the first decades of the XX century had also its echo in the population. In 1920s arrives to the mayoralty the socialistic Doroteo Alonso Peral, President of the Agricultural Workers Society, that repeats in 1931, year in the one which expires in Aranjuez the great painter of the gardens, Santiago Rusiñol. After the civil war, the increase in the population of Aranjuez continues being slow (23,000 inhabitants in 1940s, 31,000 in 1975) and there are installed a series of companies that, in some instances, they have up to 500 working people.
The Arrangement of Aranjuez	In those years (1940s) inaugurates Joaquín Rodrigo, the affectionate Master, his Concert of Aranjuez, that it has carried the name of the city to any corner of the world. The Master exhibits the Gold Medal of the city, it was Riotous Greater and a street, a monument, the audience and the Municipal Music School own his name. Aranjuez, today, it is a young city, with a great respect by its history and its past, that walks by the way of the democracy that the Spanish people started in 1976. In the month of April of 1979, though the Quantity of Local Regime had not been modified, were held in Spain for the first time in many years, free and democratic elections, in those which the participation of the people of Aranjuez, as many more Spanish people, it was majority and exemplar. And this short historical review ends here. The most recent events are a part of the history that people is going making each day and than is for writing it yet.